ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the overall diet quality and diet model of labor workers in Shenzhen using Chinese Diet Balance Index (DBI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In May 2009, 14 canteens from Baoan, Longgang and Nanshan districts were selected by stratified random sampling and 60 workers were randomly selected from each canteen by using random number method. Diet measurements were carried out among the 840 labor workers. Diet quality was evaluated by using DBI scoring and evaluating system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median values of labor workers' food intakes of cereal and meat & poultry were 483.8 and 121.7 g/d, which were more than the recommended amounts of their intakes of Chinese residents (cereal: 250 - 400 g/d, meat & poultry: 50 -70 g/d). The median values of the labor workers' intakes of fruit, dairy and eggs were 37.3, 20.6 and 23.5 g/d,which were less than recommended amounts in fruits (200 - 400 g/d), dairy (300 g/d) and eggs (25 - 50 g/d). The DBI-HBS scores of males and females in Shenzhen migrant workers were 24.4 +/- 6.1 and 22.6 +/- 6.3, respectively with a statistically significant difference (t = 4.21, P < 0.01). DBI-HBS scores of < 20 age group, 20 - 29 age group, 30 - 39 age group and > or = 40 age group in labor workers were 12.7 +/- 5.9, 11.3 +/- 6.3, 12.8 +/- 6.4 and 11.2 +/- 5.6 respectively (F = 3.67, P = 0.01). There were 7 dietary patterns among labor workers in this survey. Nearly 8.2% (68/830) of them belonged to Pattern A. Pattern B and E were the main dietary patterns, which accounted for 37.3% (310/830) and 31.0% (257/830) of the total population.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DBI can describe and evaluate the overall dietary quality and the major problem of the dietary patterns in labor workers. It is necessary to strength nutritional education to increase the intake of fruits, milk and eggs to improve nutritional status in labor workers in Shenzhen.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Dairy Products , Diet , Diet Surveys , Eggs , Feeding Behavior , Fruit , Meat , Nutritional StatusABSTRACT
Objective To study the prevalent status of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) subtypes in IDU (injecting drug users) population in Shenzhen and to study their source of infection in order to predict the epidemic trend and evolution. Methods 166 HIV-1 positive plasma from the IDUs was collected from 1996 to 2008. HIV-1 env genes were amplified by nested-PCR from RNA. The C2-V3 regions (450 bp) of HIV-1 env were sequenced for analyses. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on the nucleotide sequence data. Results Among 166 samples, there were 6 HIV-1 strains including CRF01_AE, CRF08_BC, CRF07_BC 3 circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) and B',C, A1 3 subtypes. Data from the genotype analyses showed that 65.06% (108/166) were CRF01_AE, 19.88% (33/166) were CRF07 BC_6.02% (10/166) were CRF08_BC, 7.23%(9/166) were subtype B', 0.60% (1/166) were subtype C and 1.20% (2/166) were subtype A1. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that some of HIV-1 clusters defined in CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC and subtype B' in different time groups. Significant increase of gene distance in CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC strains in the three different periods. Conclusion CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC were the major epidemic CRF strains among the IDU population in Shenzhen while the subtype B', C, A1 and CRF08_BC were also circulating in IDU population in this region. The variation of all different subtypes was increasing through these years.